Olecranon Fracture (Elbow Tip)

Description

The olecranon is the bony tip of the elbow that you lean on, at the top of the ulna. A fracture here usually follows a direct fall onto the elbow. The triceps muscle attaches here, which influences treatment.

How it happens (the mechanism)

A direct fall onto the point of the elbow, or a sudden pull, breaks the olecranon. Because the triceps muscle attaches to it and straightens the elbow, a displaced fracture tends to be pulled apart by that same muscle — which is what decides between a cast and a small operation.

Symptoms

Pain, swelling, and tenderness at the tip of the elbow, with difficulty straightening it.

Doctor examination and imaging

The doctor checks the ability to straighten the elbow against gravity; X-rays show the fracture and whether it has been pulled apart.

Treatment

A fracture that stays in good position is treated in a cast for about three to four weeks. If the triceps is pulling the fragment away, a short operation with a pin and wire (or a small screw) holds it together for reliable healing.

Recovery and long-term outlook

These heal well; elbow motion is then restored gradually, since the elbow guards against stiffness.

When to call the doctor

Call the office right away if your child’s fingers become numb, pale, blue, or cold; pain keeps worsening even after raising the arm and giving medicine; swelling does not improve with elevation; the cast feels too tight, cracked, or wet, or smells bad; or your child develops a fever.

Learn more

OrthoInfo (AAOS) — Elbow Fractures in Children: orthoinfo.aaos.org

This information is for educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For specific concerns about your child, consult a board-certified, fellowship-trained pediatric orthopaedic surgeon.